Calling the API can be done using HTTP method POST, PUT or GET.
Sending data to the API can be done by setting HTTP headers, request parameter or as a JSON structure in the request body.
Accessing data in a valve is done by using expansion.
Given the http request with body:
Using expansion in valve to access "firstkey" is done through ${request.firstkey}.
Lets say the request sent in something in the http header Authorization header.
Expanding data in the Authorization haders is done: ${request.header_firstkey}.
Note the "header_" prefix.